What is DFS?

Hello Friends, 

Is site part of the Active Directory namespace?

NO: - When a user browses the logical namespace, computers and users are grouped into domains and OUs without reference to sites. However, site names are used in the Domain Name System (DNS) records, so sites must be given valid DNS names.

What is DFS?

The Distributed File System is used to build a hierarchical view of multiple file servers and shares on the network. Instead of having to think of a specific machine name for each set of files, the user will only have to remember one name; which will be the 'key' to a list of shares found on multiple servers on the network. Think of it as the home of all file shares with links that point to one or more servers that actually host those shares.

DFS has the capability of routing a client to the closest available file server by using Active Directory site metrics. It can also be installed on a cluster for even better performance and reliability. 

Understanding the DFS Terminology It is important to understand the new concepts that are part of DFS. Below is an definition of each of them.

Dfs root: You can think of this as a share that is visible on the network, and in this share you can have additional files and folders.

Dfs link: A link is another share somewhere on the network that goes under the root. When a user opens this link they will be redirected to a shared folder.

Dfs target (or replica): This can be referred to as either a root or a link. If you have two identical shares, normally stored on different servers, you can group them together as Dfs Targets under the same link. The image below shows the actual folder structure of what the user sees when using DFS and load balancing.

Figure 1: The actual folder structure of DFS and load balancing

Windows 2003 offers a revamped version of the Distributed File System found in Windows 2000, which has been improved to better performance and add additional fault tolerance, load balancing and reduced use of network bandwidth. It also comes with a powerful set of command-line scripting tools which can be used to make administrative backup and restoration tasks of the DFS namespaces easier. The client windows operating system consists of a DFS client which provides additional features as well as caching.

 

What are the types of replication in DFS?

There are two types of replication: * Automatic - which is only available for Domain DFS * Manual - which is available for stand alone, DFS and requires all files to be replicated manually. 

Which service is responsible for replicating files in SYSVOL folder?

File Replication Service (FRS)

 What all can a site topology owner do?

The site topology owner is the name given to the administrator (or administrators) that oversee the site

topology. The owner is responsible for making any necessary changes to the site as the physical network grows and changes. The site topology owner’s responsibilities include:

■ Making changes to the site topology based on changes to the physical network topology.

■ Tracking subnetting information for the network. This includes IP addresses, subnet masks, and the locations of the subnets.

■ Monitoring network connectivity and setting the costs for links between sites.

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What are different types of groups?

Hello Friends,

Here are very useful information about Group and their types and use etc.

What are different types of groups? 

■ Security groups Security groups are used to group domain users into a single administrative unit. Security groups can be assigned permissions and can also be used as e-mail distribution lists. Users placed into a group inherit the permissions assigned to the group for as long as they remain members of that group. Windows itself uses only security groups. 

■ Distribution groups These are used for nonsecurity purposes by applications other than Windows. One of the primary uses is within an e-mail

As with user accounts, there are both local and domain-level groups. Local groups are stored in a local computer’s security database and are intended to control resource access on that computer. Domain groups are stored in Active Directory and let you gather users and control resource access in a domain and on domain controllers. 

What is a group scope and what are the different types of group scopes?

Group scopes determine where in the Active Directory forest a group is accessible and what objects can be placed into the group. Windows Server 2003 includes three group scopes: global, domain local, and universal. 

■ Global groups are used to gather users that have similar permissions requirements. Global groups have the following characteristics:

1. Global groups can contain user and computer accounts only from the domain in which the global group is created.

2. When the domain functional level is set to Windows 2000 native or Windows Server 2003 (i.e., the domain contains only Windows 2000 or 2003 servers), global groups can also contain other global groups from the local domain.

3. Global groups can be assigned permissions or be added to local groups in any domain in a forest. 

■ Domain local groups exist on domain controllers and are used to control access to resources located on domain controllers in the local domain (for member servers and workstations, you use local groups on those systems instead). Domain local groups share the following characteristics:

1. Domain local groups can contain users and global groups from any domain in a forest no matter what functional level is enabled.

2. When the domain functional level is set to Windows 2000 native or Windows Server 2003, domain local groups can also contain other domain local groups and universal groups. 

■ Universal groups are normally used to assign permissions to related resources in multiple domains. Universal groups share the following characteristics: 

1. Universal groups are available only when the forest functional level is set to Windows 2000 native or Windows Server 2003.

2. Universal groups exist outside the boundaries of any particular domain and are managed by Global Catalog servers.

3. Universal groups are used to assign permissions to related resources in multiple domains.

4. Universal groups can contain users, global groups, and other universal groups from any domain in a forest.

5. You can grant permissions for a universal group to any resource in any domain. 

What is group nesting?

Placing of one group in another is called as group nesting

For example, suppose you had juniorlevel administrators in four different geographic locations, as shown in Figure 4-10. You could create a separate group for each location (named something like Dallas Junior

Admins). Then, you could create a single group named Junior Admins and make each of the location-based groups a member of the main group. This approach would allow you to set permissions on a single group and have those permissions flow down to the members, yet still be able to subdivide the junior administrators by location.

 How many characters does a group name contain?

64

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